Ossicular Reconstruction (Ossiculoplasty) Patient Information Leaflet 1. Why am I being offered ossicular reconstruction? You have hearing loss caused by damage or disruption to the ossicles — the three tiny bones in the middle ear ( malleus, incus, and stapes ) that transmit sound from the eardrum to the inner ear. This damage may be due to: Chronic ear infections Cholesteatoma Previous ear surgery Long-standing eardrum perforation Trauma or erosion of the hearing bones Ossicular reconstruction (ossiculoplasty) is a surgical procedure designed to improve hearing by rebuilding this sound-conduction mechanism. 2. What is ossicular reconstruction? Ossiculoplasty involves repairing or replacing one or more of the hearing bones using either: Your own tissue (e.g. reshaped ossicles or cartilage), or A biocompatible prosthesis (most commonly titanium) The operation is usually performed alongside: Eardrum repair (tympanoplasty), and/or Mastoid surgery (especially if cholesteatoma i...
Nasal decongestants are used by people when they get nasal allergies like catarrh and sinusitis. They are also used in common colds, hay fever and flu. A nasal decongestant aims to shrink the swollen blood vessels, the leading cause of congestion. Specific problems can arise from their consistent use. Some most commonly used nasal decongestants are • Oxymetazoline (Sinex, Vicks) • Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) • Pseudoephedrine Addiction is defined as the compulsive physiological need for a particular substance. Those substances develop tolerance, and their withdrawal results in apparent symptoms. But when we talk about nasal decongestants, they are not considered genuinely addictive because they do not cause physiological cravings to the person using them. Why Do People Get Addicted To Nasal Decongestants? Here are some reasons why people think they are getting addicted to nasal decongestants: • Rebound effect...